PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.